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The New Werner was a motorcycle produced by Werner Motors beginning in 1901. It replaced Werner's 1897 model, whose motor placed above the front wheel caused handling problems.〔Grace's Guide〕〔Bonhams: "The () Werner, however, was not without its shortcomings, not the least of which was the dreaded 'sideslip', a consequence of the design's high centre of gravity, whereupon the hot tube ignition would cause the fallen machine to catch fire."〕 Production ceased in 1908.〔Kelly, p. 56〕 Some 50, now known as the "Leitner Rossiya Motorcycle", were also produced under license in Russia with Fafnir engines at the Riga bicycle works.〔 The New Werner's lasting innovation was to place the engine at the lowest point in a bicycle-style diamond frame, where a bicycle crank would have been (the bicycle pedals, crank and redundant chain were relocated rearward and retained for starting and hillclimbing assistance). The pattern of low-mounted engine inside some kind of motorcycle frame became the standard motorcycle layout for the 20th century.〔Louis and Currie, p. 22: "The Werner engine position was so logical, so absolutely right, that the new machine was to be the prototype of motor cycles for years ahead."〕〔Setright 1976, p. 15: "()he New Werner provided an archetype for the modern motorcycle, the crystalline form that was to be multiplied and mirrored a thousand times... in which they passed from being experimental playthings of a lunatic minority to becoming the recreational or workaday transport of a considerable number."〕〔Setright 1979, p. 26: "the layout () copied everywhere..."〕〔Bonhams: "The 1901 Werner is generally acknowledged as the first powered two-wheeler to carry its engine in the frame where the bicycle's bottom bracket and pedalling gear had been located, and thus is credited as the progenitor of the modern motorcycle.〕 The intake valve was automatic (actuated by atmospheric pressure) and the exhaust valve was cam driven.〔Louis and Currie, p. 22〕 At , it was the fastest production motorcycle from the time it was introduced until the 1911 model year FN Four was introduced. The New Werner was selected by ''Cycle Worlds Kevin Cameron as the most influential motorcycle of all time.〔Cameron 2012〕 It was shown in the Guggenheim Museum's 2001–2003 The Art of the Motorcycle exhibition in Las Vegas. ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「New Werner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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